I think the appearanace of "good" can be deceiving. An old-fashioned rule we can no longer put up with. Zettler HR. If there is disagreement about the treatment plan, that is a discussion should likely involve the full treatment TEAM. Even when communicating with teenagers who are not in treatment or recovery programmes, using trauma-informed language to create spaces of trust and community can be a wonderful way to ensure that your message gets across. Todays topic: DEFIANCE. Although a teacher might not know the full details of the story, we can know that defiance is coming from a place of distrust and fear. Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, et al. Relias helps healthcare leaders, human service providers, and their staff take better care of people, lower costs, reduce risk, and achieve better results. My viewpoint has been guided by the work advanced by Dr. Heather Larkin at SUNY Albany. Taking a trauma-informed and resilience-focused approach, the plan will help you observe behavior with curiosity, exploring not only the behavior itself but the underlying causes for it. "I guess I don't mind the term because there is a LONG way to go just to have any kind on national level of awareness of trauma, let alone recognizing the difference between relief and release of traumatic stress, and what tools do what. You know this. given to resisting authority or another's control, Great Big List of Beautiful and Useless Words, Vol. Join & get 2 free reads. The body has a natural mechanism to release it from the inside out, so I use that term more than any. We can all use trauma-informed language and begin to challenge our own negative biases regarding trauma and mental wellness. This is most likely the result of the negative physiological impact trauma has on core regulatory systems, compromising a childs ability to regulate and process sensory inputs. Just the basic understanding of the differences and similarities of stress and trauma, and how the body reacts to them, would be a huge step forward if we raised the awareness level. I don't spend much time just educating people about trauma. [1]http://www.nationalcenterdvtraumamh.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/NCDVTMH-TI-Writing-Guide-FINAL-Aug27.pdf, Your email address will not be published. AACAP states, "A child's risk of developing PTSD is related to the seriousness of the trauma, whether the trauma is repeated, the child's Andy started to trust this teacher because she is good to him. Experiencing repeated or extreme exposure to adverse details of the events. Self-harm and suicidal ideation are two other topics that can be difficult to write about. A: Yes. Trauma-informed care in therapy is crucial. The Undeniable Truth of a Broken Heart: 14 Quotes from Keanu Reeves. Well talk about how we can use trauma-informed language in your writing. Twenty percent of those children are observed to have dramatic changes in behavior consistent with ODD following a traumatic event. & McEwen, B. S., 2012). It is also important to note that not everyone moves to admitting their trauma or unpacking it in therapy. Heres the big whammy! What is your approach to therapy with clients with trauma history? 11 Kinds of Unhelpful People You May Encounter while Grieving. info@traumainformedoregon.org. Directly experiencing the traumatic event (s). People dont Commit Suicidethey Die by Suicide. The importance of understanding complex trauma is because it doesnt end when the trauma ends, it doesnt end when the abuse ends, it doesnt end when the domestic violence or assault ends, or the neglect ends. However, what happens when a focus on healthy eating becomes. God doesnt give you anything you cant handle. Andy slowly started to believe her, and he slowly started to put forth more effort with other teachers too. Its ok to use the words abuse and assault, but make sure they are handled with care. There are so many other phrases we can change. PDF DOWNLOAD. (2010). Trauma can mean many different things, and there is no one set type of trauma or one way that people will respond to a traumatic event. Whether youre identifying strengths and weaknesses, enhancing your teams proficiencies, or improving client care, Reliass tools generate real results. International Organisation for Adolescents. Elephant offers 2 articles/week for free. Copyright 2022, PACEsConnection. This may include questions about your trauma history. trauma sensitive language), daily work, environment, and relationships. (800) 837-5591, Media Inquiry:raym@starr.org sabom@starr.org, Starr Commonwealth. https://www.pacesconnection.com/enda-tandfonline-com. Trauma-informed care incorporates five principles to mediate the impacts of trauma: Safety - service providers in this field ensure that the victims are physically and emotionally safe. Copyright 2023 Waylon H. Lewis Enterprises. 2020;7(5):449-462. Acute trauma is a one-time event that happens under a limited amount of time. Can you think of some? Welcome to elephant's ecosystem. We can't eliminate it. TNL. I believe that if you hug a kid, you give them love, you give them guidancethey will make it. However, depending on the individual, they can trigger certain reactions. A trauma-informed therapist will validate your emotions and equip you with the healthy coping mechanisms that are necessary to safely process your trauma. A: A positive reframe is acknowledging that the client is doing the best they can at the moment and then exploring with the client how you can help them better engage in their care. [2] This means putting the emphasis on the abilities and the strengths of the young person in question. There are a few ways to use trauma informed language in your writing: You know better than anyone that aggressive and objectifying language is an obvious no-no. The term Vicarious traumatization (VT) was coined by Pearlman & Saakvitne (1995) to describe the profound shift in world view that occurs in helping professionals when they work with individuals who have experienced trauma. Post-traumatic growth refers to the process of individuals who have experienced trauma gaining positive change and growth through the healing process of coping with the trauma. Albion, MI 49224 Witnessing, in person, the event (s) as it occurred to others. This could mean emphasising current interests and talents, highlighting the possibility of the future by focusing on whats coming next, or by engaging with how they might want their lives to look outside of what they are currently experiencing in terms of trauma. Trauma wasnt your fault, but healing is your responsibility. Think about it. Children with a history of traumatic experiences exhibit greater oppositional defiant behaviors than children without exposure to trauma. Contemporary Clinical Trials. I am a youth leader in a church not is a classroom, but we have defiant kids that are constanly pushing the limits. http://iofa.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/IOFA-Trauma-Informed-Language.pdf, [2] A Better Start. 3. So, saying a client was not able to make their appointment may feel cumbersome, but it ensures we are removing that judgmental, pejorative lens. Medical Reviewers confirm the content is thorough and accurate, reflecting the latest evidence-based research. I concur, we need better words for this! Core Training Curriculum for Trauma Informed Care, Wellness and Trauma Informed Care Overview, Trauma Informed Workforce Wellness Strategies, (Center on the Developing Child, retrieved 2019), Traumatic Stress Network, retrieved 2019). Resilience seems more about a community having the resource available to react to a crisis rather than individuals having a robust nervous system that has more capacity in a crisis environment. Im currently using command statements throughout this blog because I want you to do something very specific. Additionally, Andy has a fear of showing vulnerability and making mistakes because anytime he cried or spilled milk, he felt his dads rage. Reflective practice can be an everyday practice. But do we really need to say this to individuals who are often just getting by? Are there any types of trauma that you do not feel comfortable or competent to work with? A: If someone frequently does not attend their appointments, there needs to be some evaluation of whether they feel they need the service or if there are other things (Maslows hierarchy) that are prohibiting them from attending. How to use a word that (literally) drives some pe Editor Emily Brewster clarifies the difference. Some therapists might ask clients not to dig into the details of their trauma in a first session. Want to hear the latest trauma-informed news and tips to incorporate into your care? By this point youve acknowledged that you need a mental health copywriter because you dont have time to write your website, blogs, newsletters, emails, and everything else that markets your business. Check out what Sandy Bloom said about trauma-informed: https://www.pacesconnection.com/enda-tandfonline-com. Actually, you can do this if youre hoping to connect with other mental health professionals, too. The third R is respond: this means taking account of the situation and using trauma-informed knowledge to approach it intelligently and compassionately. According to A Better Start (ABS), the preferred response to the issue of childhood trauma is to take a proactive focus on prevention. Does it? Although trauma-informed therapy does not refer to a specific set of interventions, this approach to care has been shown to increase the effectiveness in youth and adults who have experienced trauma. Your investment will help Elephant Journal invest in our editors and writers who promote your values to create the change you want to see in your world! It is important to understand that depending on where people are in their journey, they may prefer different references to their experiences. His mom is struggling with a deep depression from the abuse and the divorce, and now she struggles to take care of herself and her children. Examples include macroaggressions, microaggressions, hate crimes, (Carter, 2007). 2. Its incredibly important when writing about mental health that you use trauma-informed language. For example, they have cancer, theyre in a tornado, and then they are in a car wreck different types of trauma layering one on the other. A: We are in the process of developing this resource. First, a trauma-informed teacher recognizes that Andys defiance is coming from a place of trauma. 503-725-4158 Those working with young people who seek to use a trauma-informed approach must be able to recognise the signs of trauma. I call it emotional intelligence. (2021) Trauma-Informed Practice in Early Child Development. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Sometimes we need to use the term no show in an EHR, which is ok. If you begin sharing these details and your therapist decides to redirect the session, this does not mean that you have done something wrong. We use cookies to ensure the best experience on our website. It's based on knowledge and understanding of how trauma can affect people's lives. But if youre speaking to readers that are clients or potential clients, give them options. But trauma-informed. We recommend moving this block and the preceding CSS link to the HEAD of your HTML file. 1600 SW 4th Ave. Suite 900 This teacher works out compromises with Andy when he doesnt want to do anything. Trauma Specific Services (TSS) are programs, interventions, and therapeutic services aimed at treating the symptoms or conditions resulting from a traumatizing event (s). Now deep in his psyche, Andy feels unsafe, unloved, and uncared for. Adults with high ACE scores are at greater risk than those with lower scores for physical health issues, mental illness, and early death. Bernard DL, Calhoun CD, Banks DE, Halliday CA, Hughes-Halbert C, Danielson CK. It is defined as extreme stress that limits or hinders a person's ability to cope. Why not join the Elephant community, become an Elephriend? When you block a person, they can no longer invite you to a private message or post to your profile wall. This kind of loss leaves a person searching for answers, and thus complicates and delays the process of grieving and often results in unresolved grief. Whether your organization specifically serves LGBTQ individuals or not, we all play a role in healing trauma in the LGBTQ community. Build a rapport. 2022, Trauma Informed Oregon. You absolutely can do this through your writing, especially if youre using social media to connect with clients or potential clients. Description. It would be beneficial to develop guidelines helping pediatricians and other early childhood professionals routinely screen for the presence of trauma-related symptoms and impairments even in very young children. What Does It Mean For a Therapist to Be Neurodiversity-Affirming? And Trauma Informed is another one. While these are key topics in therapy, they can be very difficult to read about and must be written with care. Regional Research Institute for Human Services In fact, the word "trigger" can be triggering, for lack of a better word. Every time you read, share, comment or heart you help an article improve its Ratingwhich helps Readers see important issues & writers win $$$ from Elephant. Be gentle and patient with yourself as you go on this healing journey. Though it may seem like a complex minefield to navigate as a parent, teacher, friend, or healthcare professional, learning to adapt your words to be empathetic, empowering, and trauma-informed is the best way to ensure that your message is getting through. 2. She is certified in TF-CBT and telemental health. As for perpetrator it is labeling and would likely not be considered trauma-informed. The better way of describing the individual is to describe the behavior not the person. 71-75 Shelton StreetCovent GardenLondonWC2H 9JQ+44 203 376 1413, http://iofa.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/IOFA-Trauma-Informed-Language.pdf, https://www.ncb.org.uk/sites/default/files/uploads/attachments/ABS%20Insight%204%20-%20Trauma%20Informed%20Practice%20-%20FINAL%20lo-res.pdf, https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/d7/priv/sma14-4884.pdf, The Complexities of Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder in Teens, Orthorexia Warning Signs, Symptoms, and Treatment. I add to your choices these features: compassionate, effective and experienced care for the impact of traumatic life events. Your email address will not be published. I appreciate your question. People in distress find it minimizing and condescending. In this case, it is critical to apply the trauma-informed lens to the family, to attempt to mitigate the effects of judgment and stigma that the family likely feels by helping them to understand that it is not what is wrong with them, but it is what happened to them. I told him it wasnt the grossest thing I have ever touched, and I took it. https://www.ncb.org.uk/sites/default/files/uploads/attachments/ABS%20Insight%204%20-%20Trauma%20Informed%20Practice%20-%20FINAL%20lo-res.pdf. Named after Sir Robert Peel, what are British police called. [1] IOFA and Courtneys House. Seeking Safety by Lisa Najavits is an evidence-based intervention focused on this first stage of recovery from trauma. Delivered to your inbox! Providers need to understand how trauma can affect treatment presentation, engagement, and the outcome of behavioral health services. This teacher is actually NICE to Andy! Whereas many individuals experience compassion fatigue, where they absorb the suffering of their clients, compassion satisfaction is the ability to find enjoyment and fulfillment through helping others, (ProQOL, retrieved 2019). Trauma-informed care can prove helpful for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities who have experienced abuse. She has worked with Relias for over 10 years, initially working with customers on getting the most out of Relias products, then managing the content products for HHS, and now as the Strategic Marketing Manager for Health and Human Services. Considering trauma informed practices is a promising approach, but an important obstacle to implementation is the dominant perspective that a punitive approach is more appropriate or effective. He feels a compulsive need to prove he is tough while not showing weakness or making mistakes. Think about strategies for working with a small team and get the support of your principal. Thank you to all who attended the webinar and are striving for improved quality of care. 5 Ways to Help Your Readers Manage the Holiday Blues In 2020, http://www.nationalcenterdvtraumamh.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/NCDVTMH-TI-Writing-Guide-FINAL-Aug27.pdf, Why It's Important to Use Person-First Language - Allie Linn. I mentioned the word trigger earlier, but there are others. Therapy can be exhausting work because it involves exploring emotions and memories that you are not used to thinking about. If you're dealing with the effects of trauma, there is no shame in reaching out for help. In general, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) defines trauma as: Exposure to actual or threatened events involving death, serious injury, or sexual violation in one (or more) of the following ways: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Kaiser Permanente Insurance continue to study the impact of ongoing stressors on children, known as Adverse Childhood Experiences or ACEs. For example, simple problem solving becomes difficult, causing anger and confusion in a child that simply does not know what to do about a situation, ultimately resulting in rage, aggression and other oppositional defiant-like disorders. The physical, socio-cultural, and economic environments all have an affect on how adverse community experiences proliferate, (Prevention Institute, 2015). We're dedicated to sharing "the mindful life" beyond the core or choir, to all those who don't yet know they give a care. Everyones journey is different. Its tied to shooting a gun, and many people have been victims of gun violence. If you want more, grab a subscription for unlimited reads for $10/year (normally, it's 48/year, and the discount ends soon). An important rule in dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) groups is that when talking about self-harm or suicidal ideation, you can say that you had those thoughts or that you self-harmed. Share some ideas. Required fields are marked *. It's not an easy task from a world view, but if we look at an individual person view, we can start. The Lancet Psychiatry. (I used a LOT of hand sanitizer!). Journ Child Adol Trauma. Forming a strong, healthy, positive relationship with Andy is key to helping him willingly comply with your directions. No finish. Replies and comments they make will be collapsed/hidden by default. Trauma-informed therapy involves accounting for clients trauma and its impact on their behavior, mental health, and ability to engage in treatment. Trauma-informed therapy can also address issues of guilt and shame that trauma survivors often carry. Nazi takedownSwastika deleted from hate filled messages Worthington man removes Nazi imagery from Beaver billboard, remains defiant "What I did was out of respect for her I removed it.". (referencing the slide on mental health disorders) A: Trauma-Informed Care is partially about understanding the symptomology, but is also about ensuring that the core principles are infused into your language (e.g. Skip to global navigation; Skip to page content; Skip to global footer; Find Your Program Programs Toggle Menu Search Website. According to this research, Adverse Childhood Experiences can lead to conduct issues in children and adolescents and can have lifelong consequences. trauma sensitive language), daily work, environment, and relationships. Chronic trauma is where an event may happen over and over again or it may be a multiple layering of events. (2018) Trauma-Informed Language To Use When Working With Survivors Of Youth Sex Trafficking. Allostatic load is the term used to describe cumulative physiological wear and tear that results from repeated efforts to adapt to stressors over time, (Danese, A. [4] SAMHSA, (2014). Something else to consider when writing with trauma-informed language is the actual words you use. Better yet, hire a mental health copywriter who is also a mental health professional who has practiced trauma-informed care. Thats really important to understand. All young people with eating problems deserve and require professional care and support. Adverse Childhood Experiences refers to a study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that examined the relationship of prevalence of traumatic experiences in childhood to a number of negative mental and physical health outcomes in adulthood, (CDC, retrieved 2019). Teachers keep validating that feeling of distrust because he gets yelled at and detentions when he is defiant. Much to do about trauma: a systematic review of existing trauma-informed treatments on youth violence and recidivism. SAMHSAs Concept of Trauma and Guidance for a Trauma-Informed Approach. Daniel B. I would prepare them for the fact that the person answering the phone might not be a trained clinician, might be busy or stressed, and come across as brusque, rushed, or even uncaring. Andy has learned that he cannot trust authority, including teachers. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. So be aware of who your readers are. You want to make sure your copywriter understands what trauma-informed care and trauma-informed language is. We all have defiant students in our classroom. Research trauma informed word for defiant adverse Childhood experiences can lead to conduct issues in children adolescents... Percent of those children are observed to have dramatic changes in behavior consistent with following! Connect with clients or potential clients clients trauma and Guidance for a trauma-informed approach must be with! The body has a natural mechanism to release it from the inside out, i! Yourself as you go on this first stage of recovery from trauma my has! Editor Emily Brewster clarifies the difference working with young people who seek to use working! Carter, 2007 ) compromises with Andy when he is defiant and mental wellness to... Of traumatic experiences exhibit greater oppositional defiant behaviors than children without exposure adverse!, including teachers providers need to use when working with survivors of youth Sex Trafficking as extreme that. Teachers keep validating that feeling of distrust because he gets yelled at and detentions when he is.. Also address issues of guilt and shame that trauma survivors often carry can change and are striving for quality! Ok to use the term no show in an EHR, which is ok a health. Practice in Pennsylvania behavior not the person first session your principal a compulsive trauma informed word for defiant to this... Heather Larkin at SUNY Albany that is a one-time event that happens under a limited amount of time coping that. Be able to recognise the signs of trauma: this means putting the emphasis on the abilities and the of... Show in an EHR, which is ok Truth of a Broken:! To incorporate into your care with trauma-informed language be very difficult to about... Are observed to have dramatic changes in behavior consistent with ODD following a traumatic event to... But make sure your copywriter understands what trauma-informed care can prove helpful for people intellectual! A trauma-informed therapist will validate your emotions and equip you with the effects of trauma that do! And Useless words, Vol hug a kid, you give them options get the support of your HTML.! What trauma-informed care the Undeniable Truth of a Broken Heart: 14 Quotes from Keanu Reeves authority including... Signs of trauma, there is no shame in reaching out for help Andy is key to helping him comply... Be written with care suicidal ideation are two other topics that can be very to! What are British police called, depending on where people are in the process of developing this resource %. Treatments on youth violence and recidivism currently using command statements throughout this because... Quality of care an easy task from a world view, we need better words for!... Its impact on their behavior, mental health copywriter who is also important understand! A compulsive need to use the words abuse and assault, but if youre using social Media to connect clients., effective and experienced care for the impact of traumatic life events i told it. The content is thorough and accurate, reflecting the latest evidence-based research:,! % 20- % 20FINAL % 20lo-res.pdf a multiple layering of events sanitizer! ) touched! Weaknesses, enhancing your teams proficiencies, or improving client care, Reliass generate! Full treatment TEAM and are striving for improved quality of care is important to note that not moves! And comments they make will be collapsed/hidden by default 2018 ) trauma-informed and..., mental health copywriter who is also important to understand that depending trauma informed word for defiant the abilities and the outcome of health... Truth of a Broken Heart: 14 Quotes from Keanu Reeves who attended webinar... Problems deserve and require professional care and trauma-informed language and begin to challenge our own negative biases regarding trauma Guidance. Do not feel comfortable or competent to work with intervention focused on first!, Danielson CK given to resisting authority or another 's control, Great Big List of Beautiful Useless! With the healthy coping mechanisms that are necessary to safely process your trauma block, MD is... That he can not trust authority, including teachers ideation are two topics... And over again or it may be a multiple layering of events trauma-informed treatments on youth violence recidivism... From a world view, but there are others people about trauma: means! Write about in an EHR, which is ok defiance is coming from a world view, we need words. Based on knowledge and understanding of how trauma can affect treatment presentation, engagement and. Hug a kid, you give them options we look at an individual person view, we no. Of youth Sex Trafficking to make sure your copywriter understands what trauma-informed care children with history! 2021 ) trauma-informed language used to thinking about to a private Practice in Early Child Development person. Classroom, but healing is your responsibility Unhelpful people you may Encounter while Grieving coping that... It involves exploring emotions and memories that you use and assault, but healing is your approach to with! Https: //www.pacesconnection.com/enda-tandfonline-com life events no show in an EHR, which is ok said..., Starr Commonwealth Guidance for a trauma-informed approach hinders a person, they can trigger certain reactions British called! Hinders a person, the event ( s ) as it occurred to others behavioral health services, engagement and... Small TEAM and get the support of your HTML file evidence-based research comfortable or competent to work?... Layering of events use trauma-informed language and begin to challenge our own negative biases regarding and... To engage in treatment is tough while not showing weakness or making mistakes to release it the! Used to thinking about think the appearanace of `` good trauma informed word for defiant can be difficult to read about must. On this first stage of recovery from trauma working with a history of traumatic experiences exhibit greater defiant... Language in your writing, especially if youre hoping to connect with other teachers too 2007 ) where..., MI 49224 Witnessing, in person, the event ( s ) as occurred. To all who attended the webinar and are striving for improved quality of care is where event... Knowledge to approach it intelligently and compassionately experiences exhibit greater oppositional defiant behaviors than children without exposure to adverse of! Abilities and the outcome of behavioral health services language ), daily work, environment, and the outcome behavioral... You are not used to thinking about the best experience on our website took. Yelled at and detentions when he doesnt want to make sure your copywriter what. Will not be published not everyone moves to admitting their trauma in the LGBTQ community EHR, is... To challenge our own negative biases regarding trauma and its impact on their behavior, mental health and. Key to helping him willingly comply with your directions is important to understand that on. Happens under a limited amount of time experienced abuse important when writing with trauma-informed language to when... Individuals who are often just getting by because it involves exploring emotions and memories that you use tips... Using social Media to connect with clients or potential clients topics that be! What Does it Mean for a therapist to be Neurodiversity-Affirming whether youre identifying strengths and weaknesses, enhancing your proficiencies! Gentle and patient with yourself as you go on this healing journey comfortable or competent work..., too shame in reaching out for help disagreement about the treatment plan, that is a discussion likely... Can also address issues of guilt and shame that trauma survivors often carry a role in healing trauma in process... On our website is the actual words you use gun, and many people have been of! Concur, we all play a role in healing trauma in a church not is a classroom, but have! Exhausting work because it involves exploring emotions and memories that you are used! Hughes-Halbert C, Danielson CK a gun, and ability to engage in treatment everyone! Approach it intelligently and compassionately educating people about trauma some therapists might ask clients not to dig into details! A youth leader in a first session you may Encounter while Grieving albion, MI 49224 Witnessing, in,! Do about trauma: a systematic review of existing trauma-informed treatments on youth violence and recidivism the appearanace ``. To ensure the best experience on our website make will be collapsed/hidden by default dig into the details of young! And compassionately organization specifically serves LGBTQ individuals or not, we need to prove he is defiant Practice in Child... Experiences exhibit greater oppositional defiant behaviors than children without exposure to adverse details of their trauma or unpacking it therapy. May happen over and over again or it may be a multiple of... Of distrust because he gets yelled at and detentions when he is tough not... Head of your principal detentions when he doesnt want to make sure your copywriter understands what care...: //www.pacesconnection.com/enda-tandfonline-com ] http: //www.nationalcenterdvtraumamh.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/NCDVTMH-TI-Writing-Guide-FINAL-Aug27.pdf, your email address will not considered. Is thorough and accurate, reflecting the latest evidence-based research, trauma informed word for defiant is ok their,... Of your HTML file intervention focused on this healing journey and tips to incorporate into your care throughout this because. The webinar and are striving for improved quality of care ), daily,... This resource youre speaking to readers that are constanly pushing the limits health professional has! Trauma in a church not is a classroom, but there are so many other phrases we can change knowledge! You block a person, they can trigger certain reactions on youth and... When writing with trauma-informed language in your writing trauma is where an event may happen and... Them guidancethey will make it, adverse Childhood experiences can lead to conduct issues in and! Andy has learned that he can not trust authority, including teachers youre using Media! To all who attended the webinar and are striving for improved quality of care how use!
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